Chiari I: History
Otto Mennicke (1876-) and the first description of skull base anomalies causing cerebellar tonsillar ectopia: one of the first mentions of the Chiari I malformation.
Fries FN, Hendrix P, Brinker TJ, Loukas M, Tubbs RS.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2017 May;33(5):825-827.
History of Chiari type I malformation.
Massimi L, Peppucci E, Peraio S, Di Rocco C.
Neurol Sci. 2011 Dec;32 Suppl 3:S263-5.
The first posterior fossa decompression for Chiari malformation: the contributions of Cornelis Joachimus van Houweninge Graftdijk and a review of the infancy of "Chiari decompression".
Mortazavi MM, Tubbs RS, Hankinson TC, Pugh JA, Cohen-Gadol AA, Oakes WJ.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2011 Nov;27(11):1851-6.
The first description of Chiari I malformation with intuitive correlation between tonsillar ectopia and syringomyelia.
Mortazavi MM, Tubbs RS, Brockerhoff MA, Loukas M, Oakes WJ.
J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2011 Mar;7(3):257-60.
History, anatomic forms, and pathogenesis of Chiari I malformations.
Childs Nerv Syst. 2004 May;20(5):323-8. Epub 2004 Feb 5. Review.
Bejjani GK.
Definition of the adult Chiari malformation: a brief historical overview.
Neurosurg Focus. 2001 Jul 15;11(1):E1. Review.
Koehler PJ.
Chiari's description of cerebellar ectopy (1891). With a summary of Cleland's and Arnold's contributions and some early observations on neural-tube defects.
J Neurosurg. 1991 Nov;75(5):823-6.
Saez RJ, Onofrio BM, Yanagihara T.
Experience with Arnold-Chiari malformation, 1960 to 1970.
J Neurosurg 1976; 45(4): 416-422
Gardner WJ, Goodall RJ.
The surgical treatment of Arnold-Chiari malformation in adults; an explanation of its mechanism and importance of encephalography in diagnosis.
J Neurosurg 1950; 7(3): 199-206